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The action Plan envisages construction of treatment plants. It is a very rich source of energy (through the pro­duction of biogas) and manuriol matter whose utilisation can increase the crop yield substantially. The dirty black sewage is simultaneously obnoxious and a resource. The construction of interceptors to divert the flow of sewage and other liquid wastes from Ganga is probably the surest way to reduce the pollution load. The volume of sewage produced by them constitutes 88.5 per cent of the total volume of sewage flowing into the river. Class I cities (population over one lakh), 29 in number, cover 82.3 per cent of the total urban population living in urban settlements on the river banks. The stoppage of discharge of sewage and sullage would reduce the pollution by almost 75 per cent. The basic principle for the plan is simple. Recognising the magnitude of this problem, and realising the importance of water quality as a cardinal element of manage­ment, the Government of India, in February, 1985 set up the Central Ganga Authority for the planning and execution of a time bound programme to prevent the pollution of the river Ganga which is now better known as ‘Ganga Action Plan’. This situation, already one of alarming proportions has been further aggravated by deforestation resulting in silting, floods and reduced navigational possibilities. The river Ganga, the life-line of millions of people has, over the years, been subjected to tremendous pressures Most of its water in the upper reaches is diverted into canals untreated sewage and industrial effluents are dumped into the river at numerous places and the residues of pesticides and insecticides used in the forms are washed into it.

It was initially Professor Nilay Chaudhri who thought of this.

It is now known as the ‘Action Plan for the prevention of pollution of the Ganga’. He worked out the conceptual remedy to restore Ganga to her health. None could challenge the scientific data collected with utmost silence and meticulously collated. Waves of concern rippled through the country. Out of 14 major rivers, 12 are defiled with municipal and industrial wastes the holy river Ganga is at best a sewage east of Sues. Long after his death, turned up a professor who began to narrate his Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru once observed that he was looking for a man who could write the history of our rivers.